Globalization and its effects on economic inequality in the international context, 1990-2023. An econometric study using panel data
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33937/reveco.2026.558Keywords:
Globalization, integration, inequality, investment, trade.Abstract
The objective of this research is to understand the effect of aggregate demand variables on economic inequality between countries. The ordinary least squares (OLS) methodology with fixed effects is applied to a balanced panel of 68 countries for the period 1990-2023. It was found that the magnitude and balance of trade and financial integration positively impact the convergence of economic equality between countries; as do productive investment and private consumption, while public consumption has the opposite effect. More information for a larger number of countries and periods is desirable to strengthen the results. The current context of international economic protectionism highlights the relevance of this topic. It is concluded that globalization has influenced the convergence of economic equality between nations.
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